How do messages pass between the brain and the body?

Messages between the brain and the body primarily pass through nerves, which are specialized structures that transmit electrical impulses. Nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system and connect the central nervous system (comprising the brain and spinal cord) to the rest of the body.

While the spinal cord is indeed a critical pathway for these messages, as it carries signals to and from the brain, the correct mechanism of communication focuses specifically on neurons within the nerves that relay information. This communication allows the brain to send motor commands to muscles and receive sensory information from the body, ensuring a coordinated response.

Hence, while the spinal cord plays a vital role in transmitting these signals, the actual passage of messages occurs through the nerves that connect directly to various body parts. This distinction emphasizes why focusing on nerves illustrates the full complexity of the communication pathway.